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第八章 抵銷CHAPTER 8 — SET-OFF

第8.1條 抵銷的條件  ARTICLE 8.1 Conditions of set-off

(1)當雙方當事人互負金錢或其他同類履行時，任何一方(“第一方當事人”)可以將自己的債務與其債權(quán)人(“另一方當事人”)的債務抵銷，如果抵銷發(fā)生時滿足以下條件:

(1) Where two parties owe each other money or other performances of the same kind, either of them("the first party") may set off its obligation against that of its obligee("the other party") if at the time of set-off,

 

(a)第一方當事人有權(quán)履行其債務;  (a) the first party is entitled to perform its obligation;

 

(b)另一方當事人債務的存在和數(shù)量被確定，且履行到期。

(b) the other party’s obligation is ascertained as to its existence and amount and performance is due.

 

(2)如果雙方當事人的債務基于同一合同產(chǎn)生，

第一方當事人可將自己的債務與另一方當事人的債務抵銷，即使另一方當事人債務的存在或數(shù)量尚未確定。

(2) If the obligations of both parties arise from the same contract, the first party may also set off its obligation against an obligation of the other party which is not ascertained as to its existence or to its amount.

 

第8.2條 外匯抵銷  ARTICLE 8.2 Foreign currency set-off

當以不同貨幣支付金錢債務時，亦可行使抵銷權(quán)，但要以該兩種貨幣均為可自由兌換的貨幣，而且當事人沒有約定第一方當事人必須以特定貨幣支付為條件。

Where the obligations are to pay money in different currencies, the right of set-off may be exercised, provided that both currencies are freely convertible and the parties have not agreed that the first party shall pay only in a specified currency.

 

第8.3條 抵銷通知   ARTICLE 8.3 Set-off by notice

行使抵銷權(quán)時，應當通知另一方當事人。

The right of set-off is exercised by notice to the other party.

 

第8.4條 通知的內(nèi)容   ARTICLE 8.4 Content of notice

(1)通知必須指明擬抵銷的債務。

(1) The notice must specify the obligations to which it relates.

 

(2)如果通知沒有指明行使抵銷權(quán)的債務，另一方當事人可在合理的時間內(nèi)向第一方當事人聲明有關抵銷的債務。如果未作出該聲明，則抵銷將按比例適用于所有債務。

(2) If the notice does not specify the obligation against which set-off is exercised, the other party may, within a reasonable time, declare to the first party the obligation to which set-off relates. If no such declaration is made, the set-off will relate to all the obligations proportionally.

 

第8.5條 抵銷的效力  ARTICLE 8.5 Effect of set-off

(1)抵銷解除雙方債務。  (1) Set-off discharges the obligations.

 

(2)如果債務的金額不等，則抵銷以金額較小者為限解除債務。

(2) If obligations differ in amount, set-off discharges the obligations up to the amount of the lesser obligation.

 

(3)抵銷自通知之時起生效。  (3) Set-off takes effect as from the time of notice.

 

第九章 權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓、債務的轉(zhuǎn)移、合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓

CHAPTER 9 — ASSIGNMENT OF RIGHTS, TRANSFER OF OBLIGATIONS,

ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACTS

第一節(jié) 權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓SECTION 1: ASSIGNMENT OF RIGHTS

第9.1.1條 定義  ARTICLE 9.1.1 Definitions

“權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓”是指一人(“讓與人”)，將其對第三人(“債務人”)金錢支付或其他履行的權(quán)利，以協(xié)議方式轉(zhuǎn)移給另一人(“受讓人”)，包括以擔保為目的的轉(zhuǎn)讓。

“Assignment of a right” means the transfer by agreement from one person(the “assignor”) to another person(the “assignee”), including transfer by way of security, of the assignor’s right to payment of a monetary sum or other performance from a third person(“the obligor”).

 

第9.1.2條 排除適用  ARTICLE 9.1.2 Exclusions

本節(jié)不適用于由特殊規(guī)則調(diào)整的下列轉(zhuǎn)讓:

This Section does not apply to transfers made under the special rules governing the transfers:

 

(a)票據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)讓，例如流通票據(jù)、權(quán)利憑證或金融票據(jù)，或者

(a) of instruments such as negotiable instruments, documents of title or financial instruments, or

 

(b)一項商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)讓過程中發(fā)生的權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓。 (b) of rights in the course of transferring a business.

 

第9.1.3條 非金錢權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓  ARTICLE 9.1.3 Assignability of non-monetary rights

一項非金錢履行的權(quán)利，只有轉(zhuǎn)讓不導致更重大履行負擔時，方可轉(zhuǎn)讓。

A right to non-monetary performance may be assigned only if the assignment does not render the obligation significantly more burdensome.

 

第9.1.4條 部分轉(zhuǎn)讓  ARTICLE 9.1.4 Partial assignment

(1)金錢支付的權(quán)利可以部分轉(zhuǎn)讓。

(1) A right to the payment of a monetary sum may be assigned partially.

 

(2)其他履行的權(quán)利，只有當該履行是可分割的，并且轉(zhuǎn)讓不導致更重大履行負擔時，才可部分轉(zhuǎn)讓。

(2) A right to other performance may be assigned partially only if it is divisible, and the assignment does not render the obligation significantly more burdensome.

 

第9.1.5條 未來權(quán)利  ARTICLE 9.1.5 Future rights

未來權(quán)利視為在轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議達成時轉(zhuǎn)讓，但以該項權(quán)利在出現(xiàn)時必須能 夠被確定是屬于被轉(zhuǎn)讓的權(quán)利為條件。

A future right is deemed to be transferred at the time of the agreement, provided the right, when it comes into existence, can be identified as the right to which the assignment relates.

 

第9.1.6條 未逐一指明的權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓

ARTICLE 9.1.6 Rights assigned without individual specification

數(shù)項權(quán)利可同時轉(zhuǎn)讓，而無需逐一指明，但以這些權(quán)利能夠于轉(zhuǎn)讓時 或出現(xiàn)時被確定是與轉(zhuǎn)讓相關的權(quán)利為條件。

A number of rights may be assigned without individual specification, provided such rights can be identified as rights to which the assignment relates at the time of the assignment or when they come into existence.

 

第9.1.7條 讓與人和受讓人協(xié)議即可轉(zhuǎn)讓

ARTICLE 9.1.7 Agreement between assignor and assignee sufficient

(1)一項權(quán)利僅憑讓與人和受讓人之間的協(xié)議即可轉(zhuǎn)讓，而無須通知債務人。

(1) A right is assigned by mere agreement between the assignor and the assignee, without notice to the obligor.

 

(2)轉(zhuǎn)讓無需債務人同意，除非此情況下債務實質(zhì)上具有人身性質(zhì)。

(2) The consent of the obligor is not required unless the obligation in the circumstances is of an essentially personal character.

 

第9.1.8條 債務人的額外成本  ARTICLE 9.1.8 Obligor’s additional costs

因權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓產(chǎn)生的任何額外成本，債務人有權(quán)要求讓與人或受讓人給 予補償。

The obligor has a right to be compensated by the assignor or the assignee for any additional costs caused by the assignment.

 

第9.1.9條 非轉(zhuǎn)讓條款  ARTICLE 9.1.9 Non-assignment clauses

(1)盡管讓與人和債務人之間存在限制或禁止轉(zhuǎn)讓的協(xié)議，金錢支 付的權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓仍然具有效力。但是，讓與人可能因此向債務人承擔違約責任。

(1) The assignment of a right to the payment of a monetary sum is effective notwithstanding an agreement between the assignor and the obligor limiting or prohibiting such an assignment. However, the assignor may be liable to the obligor for breach of contract.

 

(2)非金錢性履行的權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓，如果違反讓與人與債務人之間限 制或禁止轉(zhuǎn)讓的協(xié)議，則轉(zhuǎn)讓無效。但是，如果受讓人在轉(zhuǎn)讓發(fā)生時既不知道也不應知道該協(xié)議，則轉(zhuǎn)讓有效。但讓與人可能因此向債務人承擔違約責任。

(2) The assignment of a right to other performance is ineffective if it is contrary to an agreement between the assignor and the obligor limiting or prohibiting the assignment. Nevertheless, the assignment is effective if the assignee, at the time of the assignment, neither knew nor ought to have known of the agreement. The assignor may then be liable to the obligor for breach of contract.

 

第9.1.10條 通知債務人  ARTICLE 9.1.10 Notice to the obligor

(1)在收到讓與人或受讓人發(fā)出的轉(zhuǎn)讓通知以前，債務人可通過向讓與人清償來解除債務。

(1) Until the obligor receives a notice of the assignment from either the assignor or the assignee, it is discharged by paying the assignor.

 

(2)在收到該通知后，債務人只有通過向受讓人清償才能解除債務。

(2) After the obligor receives such a notice, it is discharged only by paying the assignee.

 

第9.1.11條 連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)讓   ARTICLE 9.1.11 Successive assignments

如果同一讓與人將同一權(quán)利連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給兩個或兩個以上受讓人，則債務人按照收到通知的時間順序清償后，其債務得以解除。

If the same right has been assigned by the same assignor to two or more successive assignees, the obligor is discharged by paying according to the order in which the notices were received.

 

第9.1.12條 轉(zhuǎn)讓的充分證據(jù)  ARTICLE 9.1.12 Adequate proof of assignment

(1)當受讓人發(fā)出轉(zhuǎn)讓通知時，債務人可以要求受讓人在合理時間內(nèi)提供做出轉(zhuǎn)讓的充分證據(jù)。

(1) If notice of the assignment is given by the assignee, the obligor may request the assignee to provide within a reasonable time adequate proof that the assignment has been made.

 

(2)在提供充分證據(jù)之前，債務人可以停止清償。

(2) Until adequate proof is provided, the obligor may withhold payment.

 

(3)在提供充分證據(jù)之前，通知不產(chǎn)生效力。

(3) Unless adequate proof is provided, notice is not effective.

 

(4)充分證據(jù)包括但不限于，讓與人作出的并能夠表明轉(zhuǎn)讓已做出的 任何書面文件。

(4) Adequate proof includes, but is not limited to, any writing emanating from the assignor and indicating that the assignment has taken place.

 

第9.1.13條 抗辯權(quán)和抵銷權(quán)  ARTICLE 9.1.13 Defences and rights of set-off

(1)債務人可以其對抗讓與人的所有抗辯權(quán)，對抗受讓人。

(1) The obligor may assert against the assignee all defences that the obligor could assert against the assignor.

 

(2)債務人在收到轉(zhuǎn)讓通知時，可向讓與人主張的任何抵銷權(quán)，都可 以向受讓人主張。

(2) The obligor may exercise against the assignee any right of set-off available to the obligor against the assignor up to the time notice of assignment was received.

 

第9.1.14條 與權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓相關之權(quán)利  ARTICLE 9.1.14 Rights related to the right assigned

一項權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓將下列權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)至受讓人: The assignment of a right transfers to the assignee:

 

(a)根據(jù)與被轉(zhuǎn)讓權(quán)利相關的合同，讓與人的所有金錢支付或者其他 履行的權(quán)利，以及

(a) all the assignor’s rights to payment or other performance under the contract in respect of the right assigned, and

 

(b)擔保被轉(zhuǎn)讓之權(quán)利得以履行的所有權(quán)利。

(b) all rights securing performance of the right assigned.

 

第9.1.15條 讓與人的擔保  ARTICLE 9.1.15 Undertakings of the assignor

除非已向受讓人作了另外披露，讓與人對受讓人承擔下述擔保義務:

The assignor undertakes towards the assignee, except as otherwise disclosed to the assignee, that:

 

(a)被轉(zhuǎn)讓之權(quán)利在轉(zhuǎn)讓發(fā)生時已經(jīng)存在，但未來權(quán)利除外;

(a) the assigned right exists at the time of the assignment, unless the right is a future right;

 

(b)讓與人有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓該權(quán)利;  (b) the assignor is entitled to assign the right;

 

(c)該權(quán)利此前沒有轉(zhuǎn)讓給其他受讓人，并且不存在第三方提出權(quán)利或請求;

(c) the right has not been previously assigned to another assignee, and it is free from any right or claim from a third party;

 

(d)債務人不存在任何抗辯;  (d) the obligor does not have any defences;

 

(e)債務人和讓與人均未做出針對被轉(zhuǎn)讓權(quán)利的抵銷通知，而且今后也不會發(fā)出此類通知;

(e) neither the obligor nor the assignor has given notice of set-off concerning the assigned right and will not give any such notice;

 

(f)讓與人應將在轉(zhuǎn)讓通知做出前從債務人收到的任何清償，退還給受讓人。

(f) the assignor will reimburse the assignee for any payment received from the obligor before notice of the assignment was given.

 

第二節(jié):債務的轉(zhuǎn)移SECTION 2: TRANSFER OF OBLIGATIONS

第9.2.1條 轉(zhuǎn)移的模式   ARTICLE 9.2.1 Modes of transfer

支付金錢或者為其他履行的債務，可以通過以下方式由一人(“原債務人”)轉(zhuǎn)移到另一人(“新債務人”):

An obligation to pay money or render other performance may be transferred from one person(the “original obligor”) to another person(the “new obligor”) either

 

(a)原債務人和新債務人之間達成協(xié)議，但要受到第9.2.3條的約束，或

(a) by an agreement between the original obligor and the new obligor subject to Article 9.2.3, or

 

(b)債權(quán)人和新債務人之間達成的由新債務人承擔債務的協(xié)議。

(b) by an agreement between the obligee and the new obligor, by which the new obligor assumes the obligation.

 

第9.2.2條 排除適用   ARTICLE 9.2.2 Exclusion

本節(jié)不適用于在一項商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)讓過程中，依管轄債務轉(zhuǎn)移的特殊規(guī)則所做的債務轉(zhuǎn)移。

This Section does not apply to transfers of obligations made under the special rules governing transfers of obligations in the course of transferring a business.

 

第9.2.3條 對債權(quán)人轉(zhuǎn)移同意的要求 

ARTICLE 9.2.3 Requirement of obligee’s consent to transfer

原債務人和新債務人以協(xié)議方式轉(zhuǎn)移債務，須經(jīng)債權(quán)人同意。

The transfer of an obligation by an agreement between the original obligor and the new obligor requires the consent of the obligee.

 

第9.2.4條 債權(quán)人的預先同意  ARTICLE 9.2.4 Advance consent of obligee

(1)債權(quán)人可以預先同意。 (1) The obligee may give its consent in advance.

 

(2)債權(quán)人預先同意的，債務轉(zhuǎn)移自轉(zhuǎn)移通知到達債權(quán)人時，或者債權(quán)人認可該債務轉(zhuǎn)移時，產(chǎn)生效力。

(2) If the obligee has given its consent in advance, the transfer of the obligation becomes effective when a notice of the transfer is given to the obligee or when the obligee acknowledges it.

 

第9.2.5條 原債務人債務的解除  ARTICLE 9.2.5 Discharge of original obligor

(1)債權(quán)人可以解除原債務人的債務。 (1) The obligee may discharge the original obligor.

 

(2)債權(quán)人可以繼續(xù)將原債務人作為債務人，如果新債務人履行不適當。

(2) The obligee may also retain the original obligor as an obligor in case the new obligor does not perform properly.

 

(3)其余情況下，原債務人和新債務人承擔連帶責任。

(3) Otherwise the original obligor and the new obligor are jointly and severally liable.

 

第9.2.6條 第三方履行  ARTICLE 9.2.6 Third party performance

(1)在沒有債權(quán)人同意的情況下，債務人可以與另一個人約定由該人替代該債務人履行債務，但債務本質(zhì)上具有人身性質(zhì)的除外。

(1) Without the obligee’s consent, the obligor may contract with another person that this person will perform the obligation in place of the obligor, unless the obligation in the circumstances has an essentially personal character.

 

(2)債權(quán)人保留對債務人的請求權(quán)。 (2) The obligee retains its claim against the obligor.

 

第9.2.7條 抗辯和抵銷權(quán)  ARTICLE 9.2.7 Defences and rights of set-off

(1)新債務人可援用原債務人對抗債權(quán)人的所有抗辯，對抗債權(quán)人。

(1) The new obligor may assert against the obligee all defences which the original obligor could assert against the obligee.

 

(2)新債務人不可以向債權(quán)人主張原債務人可以向債權(quán)人主張的抵銷權(quán)。

(2) The new obligor may not exercise against the obligee any right of set-off available to the original obligor against the obligee.

 

第9.2.8條 與被轉(zhuǎn)移債務相關的權(quán)利 

ARTICLE 9.2.8 Rights related to the obligation transferred

(1)債權(quán)人可以對新債務人主張與被轉(zhuǎn)移之債務相關的合同項下的 金錢支付或者其他履行的所有各項權(quán)利。

(1) The obligee may assert against the new obligor all its rights to payment or other performance under the contract in respect of the obligation transferred.

 

(2)原債務人根據(jù)第9.2.5條第(1)款解除債務的，除新債務人以 外的任何其他人對于債務履行提供的擔保隨之解除，但是該其他人同意該擔保對債權(quán)人繼續(xù)有效的除外。

(2) If the original obligor is discharged under Article 9.2.5(1), a security granted by any person other than the new obligor for the performance of the obligation is discharged, unless that other person agrees that it should continue to be available to the obligee.

 

(3)原債務人之債務的解除，還包括原債務人向債權(quán)人提供的用以保證履行債務的任何擔保的解除，但是設立擔保的資產(chǎn)已作為原債務人和新債務人之間交易的一部分而轉(zhuǎn)移的除外。

(3) Discharge of the original obligor also extends to any security of the original obligor given to the obligee for the performance of the obligation, unless the security is over an asset which is transferred as part of a transaction between the original obligor

and the new obligor.

 

第三節(jié) 合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓SECTION 3: ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACTS

第9.3.1條 定義  ARTICLE 9.3.1 Definitions

“合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓”是指一人(“讓與人”)將產(chǎn)生于與另一人(“另一方 當事人”)的一項合同的權(quán)利與義務，以協(xié)議方式轉(zhuǎn)移給另一人(“受讓人”)。

“Assignment of a contract” means the transfer by agreement from one person(the “assignor”) to another person(the “assignee”) of the assignor’s rights and obligations arising out of a contract with another person(the “other party”).

 

第9.3.2條 排除適用  ARTICLE 9.3.2 Exclusion

本節(jié)不適用于由特殊規(guī)則調(diào)整的商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)讓過程中的合同轉(zhuǎn)讓。

This Section does not apply to the assignment of contracts made under the special rules governing transfers of contracts in the course of transferring a business.

 

第9.3.3條 另一方當事人同意的要求 

ARTICLE 9.3.3 Requirement of consent of the other party

一項合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓要求征得另一方當事人的同意。

The assignment of a contract requires the consent of the other party.

 

第9.3.4條 另一方當事人的預先同意  ARTICLE 9.3.4 Advance consent of the other party

(1)另一方當事人可預先同意。  (1) The other party may give its consent in advance.

 

(2)另一方當事人預先同意的，合同轉(zhuǎn)讓自轉(zhuǎn)讓通知到達該另一方 當事人時，或者當該另一方當事人認可該合同轉(zhuǎn)讓時，生效。

(2) If the other party has given its consent in advance, the assignment of the contract becomes effective when a notice of the assignment is given to the other party or when the other party acknowledges it.

 

第9.3.5條 讓與人債務的解除  ARTICLE 9.3.5 Discharge of the assignor

(1)另一方當事人可解除讓與人的債務。  (1) The other party may discharge the assignor.

 

(2)另一方當事人可繼續(xù)將讓與人作為債務人，如果受讓人的履行 不適當。

(2) The other party may also retain the assignor as an obligor in case the assignee does not perform properly.

 

(3)其余情況下，讓與人和受讓人承擔連帶責任。

(3) Otherwise the assignor and the assignee are jointly and severally liable.

 

第9.3.6條 抗辯和抵銷權(quán)  ARTICLE 9.3.6 Defences and rights of set-off

(1)在一項合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓中涉及權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓的范圍內(nèi)，適用第9.1.13條 的規(guī)定。

(1) To the extent that the assignment of a contract involves an assignment of rights, Article 9.1.13 applies accordingly.

 

(2)在一項合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓中涉及債務轉(zhuǎn)移的范圍內(nèi)，適用第9.2.7條 的規(guī)定。

(2) To the extent that the assignment of a contract involves a transfer of obligations, Article 9.2.7 applies accordingly.

 

第9.3.7條 隨合同轉(zhuǎn)讓的權(quán)利  ARTICLE 9.3.7 Rights transferred with the contract

(1)在一項合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓中涉及權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓的范圍內(nèi)，適用第9.1.4條的規(guī)定。

(1) To the extent that the assignment of a contract involves an assignment of rights, Article 9.1.14 applies accordingly.

 

(2)在一項合同的轉(zhuǎn)讓中涉及債務轉(zhuǎn)移的范圍內(nèi)，適用第9.2.8條的規(guī)定。

(2) To the extent that the assignment of a contract involves a transfer of obligations, Article 9.2.8 applies accordingly.

 

第十章 時效期間CHAPTER 10 — LIMITATION PERIODS

第10.1條 本章范圍  ARTICLE 10.1 Scope of the Chapter

(1)根據(jù)本章的規(guī)則，受通則管轄的權(quán)利的行使因一段時間，期間稱為“時效期間”，的屆滿而被禁止。

(1) The exercise of rights governed by these Principles is barred by the expiration of a period of time, referred to as “limitation period”, according to the rules of this Chapter.

 

(2)本章并不管轄依據(jù)本通則的規(guī)定要求一方當事人作為取得或行使其權(quán)利的條件，須通知另一方當事人或除司法程序之外履行任何行為的時間期間。

(2) This Chapter does not govern the time within which one party is required under these Principles, as a condition for the acquisition or exercise of its right, to give notice to the other party or to perform any act other than the institution of legal proceedings.

 

第10.2條 時效期間  ARTICLE 10.2 Limitation periods

(1)一般時效期間為三年，自債權(quán)人知道或應該知道導致其能夠 行使權(quán)利的事實之日的次日起計算。

(1) The general limitation period is three years beginning on the day after the day the obligee knows or ought to know the facts as a result of which the obligee’s right can be exercised.

 

(2)任何情況下最長時效期間為十年，自能夠行使權(quán)利之日的次日起計算。

(2) In any event, the maximum limitation period is ten years beginning on the day after the day the right can be exercised.

 

第10.3條 當事人對時效期間的修改 

ARTICLE 10.3 Modification of limitation periods by the parties

(1)當事人可以修改時效期間。  (1) The parties may modify the limitation periods.

 

(2)但是他們不得:  (2) However they may not

 

(a)將一般時效期間縮短至不足一年;

(a) shorten the general limitation period to less than one year;

 

(b)將最長時效期間縮短至不足四年;

(b) shorten the maximum limitation period to less than four years;

 

(c)將最長時效期間延長超過十五年。 

(c) extend the maximum limitation period to more than fifteen years.

 

第10.4條(認可導致時效期間重新計算)

ARTICLE 10.4(New limitation period by acknowledgement)

 

(1)債務人在一般時效期間屆滿前認可債權(quán)人權(quán)利的，自認可之日的次日起，一般時效期間重新開始計算。

(1) Where the obligor before the expiration of the general limitation period acknowledges the right of the obligee, a new general limitation period begins on the day after the day of the acknowledgement.

 

(2)最長時效期間不再重新計算，但可依一般時效期間按照第10.2條第(1)款的重新開始計算而超期。

(2) The maximum limitation period does not begin to run again, but may be exceeded by the beginning of a new general limitation period under Art. 10.2(1).

 

第10.5條 因司法程序而中止  ARTICLE 10.5 Suspension by judicial proceedings

(1)時效期間在以下情況下中止計算:  (1) The running of the limitation period is suspended

 

(a)通過啟動司法程序或者在已經(jīng)啟動的司法程序中，債權(quán)人采取被法院認可的債權(quán)人向債務人主張其權(quán)利的任何行為;

(a) when the obligee performs any act, by commencing judicial proceedings or in judicial proceedings already instituted, that is recognised by the law of the court as asserting the obligee’s right against the obligor;

 

(b)在債務人破產(chǎn)的情況下，債權(quán)人在破產(chǎn)程序中主張其權(quán)利;

(b) in the case of the obligor’s insolvency when the obligee has asserted its rights in the insolvency proceedings; or

 

(c)在債務人實體進入解散程序的情況下，債權(quán)人在解散程序中主張其權(quán)利。

(c) in the case of proceedings for dissolution of the entity which is the obligor when the obligee has asserted its rights in the dissolution proceedings.

 

(2)時效中止持續(xù)至終局判決做出之時或以其他方式程序終止之時。

(2) Suspension lasts until a final decision has been issued or until the proceedings have been otherwise terminated.

 

第10.6條 因仲裁程序而中止  ARTICLE 10.6 Suspension by arbitral proceedings

(1)通過啟動仲裁程序或者在已經(jīng)啟動的仲裁程序中，自債權(quán)人采取的被仲裁庭適用法所認可的債權(quán)人向債務人主張其權(quán)利的任何行為之時起，時效期間中止計算。如果沒有確定啟動仲裁程序的確切日期的仲裁程序規(guī)定或條款，則仲裁程序自要求審理爭議之權(quán)利的請求送達債務人之日時被啟動。

(1) The running of the limitation period is suspended when the obligee performs any act, by commencing arbitral proceedings or in arbitral proceedings already instituted, that is recognised by the law of the arbitral tribunal as asserting the obligee’s right against the obligor. In the absence of regulations for arbitral proceedings or provisions determining the exact date of the commencement of arbitral proceedings, the proceedings are deemed to commence on the date on which a request that the right in dispute should be adjudicated reaches the obligor.

 

(2)時效中止持續(xù)至有約束力的裁決做出之時或以其他方式程序終止 之時。

(2) Suspension lasts until a binding decision has been issued or until the proceedings have been otherwise terminated.

 

第10.7條 替代性爭議解決機制  ARTICLE 10.7 Alternative dispute resolution

第10.5條和第10.6條的規(guī)定經(jīng)適當修改，適用于下述程序:當事人各方請求第三方協(xié)助他們通過友好的方式解決他們之間的爭議。

The provisions of Articles 10.5 and 10.6 apply with appropriate modifications to other proceedings whereby the parties request a third person to assist them in their attempt to reach an amicable settlement of their dispute.

 

第10.8條 因不可抗力、死亡或無行為能力而中止

ARTICLE 10.8 Suspension in case of force majeure, death or incapacity

(1)如果債權(quán)人因其無法控制、無法避免，也無法克服的障礙，不能根據(jù)前述條款阻止時效期間的計算，則一般時效期間中止計算，使其不會在相關障礙消失之后一年內(nèi)屆滿。

(1) Where the obligee has been prevented by an impediment that is beyond its control and that it could neither avoid nor overcome, from causing a limitation period to cease to run under the preceding articles, the general limitation period is suspended so as not to expire before one year after the relevant impediment has ceased to exist.

 

(2)如果債權(quán)人或債務人的無行為能力或死亡構(gòu)成上述障礙，時效期間的中止于為無行為能力人，或死者或其遺產(chǎn)指定了代理人，或者繼承人繼承了前述相關人的地位時停止。第(1)款規(guī)定的一年額外期間同樣適用于本款。

(2) Where the impediment consists of the incapacity or death of the obligee or obligor, suspension ceases when a representative for the incapacitated or deceased party or its estate has been appointed or a successor has inherited the respective party’s position. The additional one-year period under paragraph(1) applies accordingly.

 

第10.9條 時效期間屆滿的效力  

ARTICLE 10.9 The effects of expiration of limitation period

(1)時效期間屆滿不消滅權(quán)利。

(1) The expiration of the limitation period does not extinguish the right.

 

(2)經(jīng)債務人作為抗辯提出，時效期間屆滿方產(chǎn)生效力。

(2) For the expiration of the limitation period to have effect, the obligor must assert it as a defence.

 

(3)即使權(quán)利的時效期間屆滿已經(jīng)提出，仍可依據(jù)此權(quán)利作為抗辯。

(3) A right may still be relied on as a defence even though the expiration of the limitation period for that right has been asserted.

 

第10.10條 抵銷權(quán)  ARTICLE 10.10 Right of set-off

債權(quán)人可以行使抵銷權(quán)，除非債務人主張時效期間已屆滿。

The obligee may exercise the right of set-off until the obligor has asserted the expiration of the limitation period.

 

第10.11條 返還  ARTICLE 10.11 Restitution

當為了解除一項債務已經(jīng)做了履行時，則無權(quán)僅憑時效期間屆滿要求返還。

Where there has been performance in order to discharge an obligation, there is no right of restitution merely because the limitation period has expired.
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