第3部分施工機械配備Section III     Deployment of Construction Equipment
3.1施工機械的選擇及布置 Option and Arrangement of Construction Equipment
從全局出發(fā)，考慮施工機械在整個工程中的綜合利用，在現(xiàn)有的或可能獲得的機械中選擇。選用的機械必須滿足施工的需要。考慮各種機械的相互配套，保證主導施工機械充分發(fā)揮作用。
 We take into consideration the integrated utilization of construction equipment during the whole project, choose the equipment from our existing and possible available equipment. The equipment must satisfy construction need. We consider mutual support of different equipment and ensure to bring the leading construction equipment into full play.
 
根據(jù)我司的機械資源狀況和本工程的特點，安排1臺塔吊和1臺井架井負責1#生產(chǎn)廠房3層樓框混結(jié)構(gòu)的垂直運輸任務(wù)，1臺塔吊和1臺井架負責1#生產(chǎn)廠房2層樓框混結(jié)構(gòu)的垂直運輸任務(wù)，1臺井架負責2#生產(chǎn)廠房2層樓框混結(jié)構(gòu)的垂直運輸任務(wù)。確保工程施工的順利進行。
 According to our machine resource status and the construction features, 1 tower crane and 1 derrick are arranged for vertical Conveyance of mixed structure of building frame to the third floor of 1# production building, 1 tower crane and 1 derrick are arranged for vertical Conveyance of mixed structure of building frame to the second floor of 1# production building, 1 derrick is arranged for vertical Conveyance of mixed structure of building frame to the second floor of 2# production building. Above measures ensure the smooth progress of construction.
 
施工現(xiàn)場布置，結(jié)合實際情況，設(shè)置2套鋼筋機械和2套木工機械。其余機械和設(shè)備的選用，詳見主要施工機械設(shè)備一覽表。施工機械進出場必須符合發(fā)包方的要求。機械設(shè)施的布置情況見施工總平面布置圖
Construction site layout, in combination with the actual condition, we provide 2 sets of reinforcing steel equipment and 2 sets of woodworking equipment. For details of other construction equipment selected, please see schedule list of main construction equipment. Equipment moving into and removing from the site must follow Owner’s requirements. For mechanical facility layout pleas refer to general construction layout plan
 
第4部分       施工平面布置Section IV     Construction Layout Plan
4.1   施工總平面布置 General Construction Layout Plan
    根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況及招標要求，現(xiàn)場設(shè)立兩個施工出入口，施工道路寬4m，路面碾平壓實，做250cm厚道渣，澆筑C20,15cm厚混凝土，道路兩側(cè)設(shè)明溝排水。
Two gates are built on site according to site situation and bidding requirements, construction road has 4m width and its surface should be flattened and compacted, ballast should be 250cm thick, C20 concrete with 15cm thickness should be coasted and open ditch drainage should be built along both sides of the road.
 
    施工現(xiàn)場條件在大門入口處設(shè)置清洗處，并在工地現(xiàn)場大門處設(shè)專人進行車輛出入管理。開出工地的車輛須先清洗車輪后，方可允許進入市區(qū)，確保不影響廠容、市容衛(wèi)生。
 A washing room may be built up at the entrance according to site situation and special personal should be appointed to manage vehicle access at the gates. Vehicles leaving the site are allowed to run into the city only after cleaning tires to maintain both appearance of the company and city.
 
    在大門口做攔水溝，設(shè)沉淀池和高壓水泵供車輛出門之前沖洗用，施工污水經(jīng)沉淀后才能排入城市管網(wǎng)。
 Retaining ditch should be built at the entrance, settling tank and high-pressure hydraulic pump for washing vehicles before leaving site are also built. Waste water from construction must be processed with settlement before discharge.
      
在場區(qū)內(nèi)施工現(xiàn)場沿大門進行現(xiàn)場施工道路的布置；同時在入口位置布置七牌二圖及宣傳欄。
Site construction road will be arranged along the gate on the construction site within the plant. Also the project bulletin board and publicity column will be set up at the entrance.
 
    在現(xiàn)場出入口門衛(wèi)旁集中放置消防器材，在其它臨時設(shè)施，特別是重點防火區(qū)域，按規(guī)定設(shè)置消防器材，并繪制消防器具分布及責任包干圖，張貼于明顯部位。
Beside the guardhouse at the entrance will be provided with fire control apparatuses. At other temporary facilities, especially at the fire control area fire control apparatuses should be provided as specified and draw up fire control apparatus distribution and responsibility chart.
 
 現(xiàn)場設(shè)警衛(wèi)室，值班室內(nèi)應制定出有效的門衛(wèi)管理制度，備好安全帽，并做好進出場登記記錄，每天24小時警衛(wèi)值班。
Guardhouse will be set up on site. Inside the guardhouse will be set up valid management system and have safety helmets prepared. Moving into and removing from the site must be registered. Security service must be on duty within 24 hours every day.
 
現(xiàn)場施工道路沿主干道道路設(shè)置道路出入口標示，作警告告示，以及夜間的標示點等，并設(shè)專人進行車輛出入口的管理。
Construction roads set up road entrances and exits marked for warning notices, as well as the marked point of the night, and set up dedicated personnel for the management of import and export vehicles
 
    主要臨時設(shè)施包括我司、監(jiān)理、各分包單位在工地的臨時辦公室，鋼筋加工廠、木工廠、以及我局統(tǒng)一布置的材料樣品間、倉庫、會議室、材料倉庫、材料堆場、試塊池等。以上各臨時設(shè)施均在總平面布置圖中作了總體布置。
Main temporary facilities include the site temporary office for our division, supervision company and all subcontractors, reinforcing steel processing shop, carpenter’s shop, and our material sample room, warehouse, conference room, material storage, material laydown area, test cube basin, etc. These temporary facilities lay out in the general construction layout plan.
 
4.1.1       材料堆場及加工場布置 Arrangement of Material Laydown Area and Working Shed
根據(jù)建筑物的分布及施工道路、生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的布置情況，合理進行材料堆場及加工場的布置。
Material laydown area and fabrication shop will be arranged according to building distribution and construction road, production facility in proper manner.
 
    施工現(xiàn)場準備足夠的防雨材料，為防備惡劣天氣覆蓋和保護所有工程和材料。
Construction site will be prepared with sufficient waterproof materials  for coverage against severe weather and protection of all works and materials.
 
    我司確保施工機械、腳手架的進入、離開及存放位置在獲得發(fā)包方同意后方組織進場。
Our division ensure moving construction equipment and scaffolding into site and removing from the site and placing position subject to the Owner’s approval.
 
在未征得發(fā)包方同意前，在施工期間，我司的人員及機械、材料等絕不進入已使用的建筑物。
Without prior consent of the Owner, our personnel and equipment and material should not be allowed to move into the buildings that have been put into use during construction.
 
我司將在發(fā)包方同意的指定地點搭建材料庫房及加工車間，并維護和保持其良好的狀態(tài)。
Our division will erect material storage and fabrication shop at the places designated and approved by the Owner and maintain them in good condition.
 
    我司確保施工材料的堆放與管理，現(xiàn)場的布置遵守有關(guān)政府部門及發(fā)包方對工程現(xiàn)場安全管理的規(guī)章和要求。
Our division ensures that placing and management of construction materials must observe the rules and regulations and requirements for site safety management set out by relevant governmental authorities and Owner.
 
    為滿足整體工程的施工，在施工現(xiàn)場設(shè)置兩個鋼筋加工廠；
In order to meet the main body structure construction, at the second construction block will be set up two reinforcing steel fabrication shops.
 
4.2   施工用水、用電方案 Construction Water and Electricity Plan
4.2.1       臨時用電布置 Temporary Electrical Consumption
    本工程施工用電甲方提供的臨時電力系統(tǒng)，由我單位負責引至各施工機械。
For construction electricity, the Owner will provide temporary power system. Our company will be responsible for connecting to all construction equipment.
 
    施工區(qū)用電纜設(shè)計規(guī)格為120mm2，約每40米設(shè)置一個2級電箱，電纜線路埋于地下，并在相應地方設(shè)立警告標志。辦公用電與施工用電分別從這些電箱接出。
Design cable size used at construction block will be 120mm2，every 40 meters will be provided with a 2-class distribution box. Cable line will be buried underground and signboards will be set up on the corresponding places. Electricity used for office and construction will be connected from the distribution box.
 
    施工臨時用電豎向布置，選用電纜規(guī)格25mm2，每層設(shè)置一個三級電箱，該三級電箱除符合上海市建筑施工安全規(guī)范條例外，還必須達到是60安培3相5線施工配電箱，箱內(nèi)裝置帶漏電保護開關(guān)控制的單相220V15A插座6個，漏電保護開關(guān)控制的三相380V20A插座3個，30A插座1個，并裝置4個10安培單級開關(guān)，以供拉設(shè)臨時照明。
Construction temporary electricity vertical layout, selection of cable size 25mm2, each floor will be set up a 3-class electrical box, which must be 60A 3-phase 5-wire construction distribution box in addition to complying with Shanghai Safety Specification and Ordinance for Construction. Inside the box will be equipped with 6 sockets of single-phase 220V 15A controlled by leakage protection switch, 3 sockets of 3-phase 380V 20A and one socket of 30A controlled by leakage protection switch, and 4 single-pole switches of 10A to be used for temporary lighting.
 
    每一樓層裝設(shè)臨時施工用節(jié)能燈。節(jié)能燈應平均分布在電梯廳、樓梯口、預留洞口以及疏散通道等地方。
On each floor will be installed energy-saving lamp for construction use. Energy-saving lamps should be evenly distributed in the elevator hall, stairs, holes, as well as reserved places, such as evacuation routes.
 
    塔吊大型機械的用電從專用電箱單獨拉出電纜供應，電纜規(guī)格為120mm2和120mm2、75mm2。所有電箱的制造和線路布置按照上海市建筑施工安全規(guī)范條例規(guī)定執(zhí)行。
Power used for tower crane, derrick and other large equipment will be separately pulled out cable from a dedicated electrical box, cable sizes will be 120mm2 and 120mm2, 75mm2. The manufacture of all electrical boxes and circuit layout will be performed in accordance with Shanghai Safety Specification and Ordinance for Construction
 
    用電平面布置參見附圖。For electricity layout refer to attached diagram
4.2.2       臨時用水布置 Temporary Water Consumption
           本工程施工用水甲方提供施工所需的工程臨時用水Φ50。
The Owner will provide temporary construction water Φ50 used for construction for this project.
 
    水管和電纜沿場地四周布置，每50m設(shè)一只水龍頭，每40m設(shè)一只電源箱，業(yè)主提供臨時用水管徑為50，由我司將其引至現(xiàn)場。
Pipes and cables will be arranged around the site, every 50m will be set up a tap, every 40m set up a power box. The Owner will provide temporary water pipe  size 50, and we will be responsible for connecting to the site.
 
    施工用水在平面上和立面上分開布置，在平面上沿施工場地周邊布置，水管用2管，在施工場地周邊的水管每隔40m左右，設(shè)一個3/4¢水龍頭。Construction water will be separately distributed on plane and elevation. Construction water on plane will be arranged around the construction site, use 2” water pipe. Every 40m of water pipe around the construction site will be provided with a 3/4’ water tap.
 
    豎向供水要求每層設(shè)1只3/4¢施工水龍頭，每二層設(shè)置一臨時消防栓，每消防栓旁設(shè)一封閉式手動開關(guān)，于火警時能啟動臨時消防泵。Construction water on elevation will be required to provide a 3/4’ construction water tap every floor, every two floors will be provided with temporary fire hydrant, beside every fire hydrant will be provided with a closed-type manual switch to activate firefighting pump in case of fire alarm.
 
    總承包方成立施工用水和消防用水管理小組，專人負責日常監(jiān)管和維修工作，保證消防重要救險系統(tǒng)不被濫用及24小時操作性能正常，以及確保施工正常用水。
The General Contractor Party will establish a management group to control construction water and firefighting water, dedicated  personnel will be responsible for daily supervision and maintenance to ensure the firefighting rescue system not being abused and the operation maintained in normal condition within 24 hours.
 
    施工平面布置詳見附圖。For construction layout plan see attached diagram
 
4.3   施工現(xiàn)場平面布置圖（見附圖）Construction Site Layout Plan (See attached diagram)
 
4.4     施工現(xiàn)場臨時用水、用電布置圖。見附圖
4.5     Temporary Water and Electrical Distribution on Jobsite, see attached diagram
 
第5部分       施工方案Section V              Construction Plan
5.1   施工流程 Construction Flow
5.1.1       鋼筋混凝土工程施工流程 Construction Process of Reinforced Concrete Engineering
管樁拼縫允許偏差表Allowable Deviation of Pipe Pile Splicing Seam
 
    幾種特殊情況的處理 Handling for certain special situations
1、  按照設(shè)計樁長壓力不能達到要求的情況處理
2、  Situation handling according to pressure of designed pile length below the standard
3、  
實際施工過程中，經(jīng)常遇到深度已至設(shè)計要求，但壓力沒有達到設(shè)計標高的情況，這時應采用送樁器繼續(xù)下壓，如果仍然不能達到設(shè)計要求，應將情況上報監(jiān)理工程師及設(shè)計單位，按照監(jiān)理工程師及設(shè)計單位提出的相應措施比如補樁等執(zhí)行。
 In practical construction, it is often found that the dept reaches the designed requirement, but the pressure does not reach designed elevation, under such situation, the pile follower should keep pressing downward, if the situation remains, then it should be reported to supervision engineer and design unit, subsequently, relevant remedial measures suggested by supervision engineer and design unit should be performed, e.g. pile patching.
 
2、不能壓至 設(shè)計標高的處理 Handling for failing to press to the designed elevation
實際施工過程中，有時會遇到個別樁因地質(zhì)等原因，不能壓至設(shè)計標高的情況，如果有這種情況出現(xiàn)，應首先查找壓樁設(shè)備的原因，在確認設(shè)備正常后，將情況匯報監(jiān)理工程師及設(shè)計部門， 按照監(jiān)理工程師及設(shè)計單位提出的相應措施執(zhí)行。
 In practical construction, it is sometimes found that few piles cannot be pressed to the designed elevation due to geology or other reasons, under such situation, equipment reasons should be firstly confirmed, after confirming equipment in good condition, then it should be reported to supervision engineer and design department, relevant remedial measures suggested by supervision engineer and design department should be performed.
 
3、斷樁處理 Handling broken pile
樁施工過程難免出現(xiàn)錯位，垂直度不好，樁頭壓爛等，要堅決廢樁，重新補樁。當?shù)刭|(zhì)不良如淤泥層過厚或軟硬土層變化急劇時，容易出現(xiàn)斷樁事故，如果出現(xiàn)這種情況必須采用加樁的方法處理。嚴禁采用混凝土封底的方法進行難以圓其說的處理。而在樁頭受到輕微破壞時，可采取混凝土封底的辦法 進行防水處理，可以彌補樁頭的損傷。
It is unavoidable to find dislocation, poor verticality and squished pile head during pile driving construction, if so, damaged piles must be removed and new piles should be filled. Pile breaking will easily occur, when geology is poor, such as silt layer is too thick or soft and hard stratums rapidly change, if so, the adding stake method must be adopted. It is forbidden to use the method of bottom sealing with concrete which can cause complex results. However, when pile heads are lightly damaged, the bottom sealing method with concrete can be used for waterproof handling to cover the damage of pile heads.
 
4、管樁與基礎(chǔ)底板連接 Connection between tubular pile and foundation mat
為有效防止基礎(chǔ)上浮并保證基礎(chǔ)和樁基的整體協(xié)同工作，土方開挖至設(shè)計標高露出管樁后，清理管樁孔內(nèi)的垃圾及污物，在基礎(chǔ)鋼筋綁扎前，嚴格按照設(shè)計圖紙的作法，保證管樁與基礎(chǔ)的連接。待基礎(chǔ)底板鋼筋綁扎時，管樁錨筋與基礎(chǔ)底板鋼筋要焊牢，基礎(chǔ)底板鋼筋與管樁樁頭也要焊牢。
 For effectively preventing foundation floating up and ensuring entire coordination between foundation and pile foundation, garbage and feculence in pile holes must be cleaned after earthwork excavation reaches the designed elevation and tubular pile expose. Before binding foundation steel bars, the design drawing must be strictly followed to ensure the connection of tubular pile and foundation. Anchor bars of tubular piles should be firmly welded with steel bars of foundation mat by binding foundation steel bars, meanwhile, steel bars of foundation should be also firmly welded with tubular pile head.
 
對于超過設(shè)計標高的個別管樁，超出部分應割除，割除采用切割機直接割斷，嚴禁對設(shè)計樁頂標高以下的管樁進行任何形式的破壞。
For few tubular piles above the designed elevation, the above parts should be cut by direct cut of cutting machine. It is forbidden to damage tubular pile parts below the designed elevation of pile top in any form.
 
5、壓樁過程質(zhì)量控制 Quality control of pressing pile
(1) 準確無誤的放樣數(shù)據(jù)計算，正確規(guī)范的施工放樣操作，是確保樁位標準的前提，決不允許出現(xiàn)因測量放樣而引起樁位錯誤的情況發(fā)生，所以在放樣全過程中一定要反復校核，嚴禁發(fā)生錯誤。
 Accurate calculation on staking out data and correct operation of staking out of construction are preconditions for ensuring stake standard, it is never allowed to raise wrong placement of stake due to inaccurate measurement and staking out, so the whole process of staking out must be repeatly inspected to avoid any mistakes.
 
(2) 嚴格按已審批的施工方案進行施工，接樁的焊縫一定要由有經(jīng)驗的且的有專業(yè)焊工證的焊工按照技術(shù)規(guī)程的要求認真進行，確保焊縫要均勻、飽滿符合設(shè)計及規(guī)范要求，電焊結(jié)束后的停歇時間、上下節(jié)平面偏差、節(jié)點彎曲矢高均應滿足規(guī)范的要求。
The construction must be performed in strict accordance with approved construction scheme, pile extension welding must be carefully done by  welder with experience and professional qualification based on requirements of technical regulation, to ensure welding lines homogeneous and full. Technical down time, deviation between up and down nodal plane and node bending bilge should achieve requirements of regulations.
 
(3) 最后的成樁要采取長度及壓力雙控，長度及壓力均應滿足設(shè)計要求。
 The final pile-forming is controlled by length and pressure which should meet design requirements.
 
(4) 打樁的次序要合理，一定要堅持先里后外、先中心后邊區(qū)、先深后淺、先密后疏先近后遠（離建筑物近的樁先打，遠的后打）的原則施工，盡量降低擠土效應。
 Sequence of pile driving should be reasonable, following the principles such as “from inside to outside”, “from centre to side”, “from deep to shallow” and “from thick to thin”, as well as “from close to far” (piles close to building should be derived firstly, then the far distance), to minimize compaction effect.
 
(5) 插樁及接樁應確保中心正確、樁身垂直。樁尖就位、對中、調(diào)直。對于YZY型壓樁機，通過起動縱向和橫向行走油缸，將樁尖對準樁位；開動壓樁油缸將樁壓入土中1m左右后停止壓樁，調(diào)正樁在兩個方向的垂直度。第一節(jié)樁是否垂直，是保證樁身質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。
Pitching pile and extension pile should ensure centre correct and pile shaft vertical. Placing pile tip should follow steps as emplacement, centering and straightening. For YZY pile driver, pile tip should be centered through starting longitudinal and transverse translation cylinder. Pile driving cylinder starts to press pile about 1m into soil then stops, followed by adjusting the verticality of pile in two directions. Whether the first part of pile is vertical or not is the key to ensure the quality of pile shaft.
 
(6) 壓樁。通過夾持油缸將樁夾緊，然后使壓樁油缸伸程，將壓力施加到樁上，壓入力由壓力表反映。在壓樁過程中要認真記錄樁入土深度和壓力表讀數(shù)的關(guān)系，以判斷樁的質(zhì)量及承載力。當壓力表讀數(shù)突然上升或下降時，要停機對照地質(zhì)資料進行分析，看是否遇到障礙物或產(chǎn)生斷樁情況等。
Driving pile. Pile is clamped by clamping cylinder, then pressure is brought to pile by extension stroke of driving pile, press-in force is indicated on gauge. Relationship of pile depth and gauge readings should be carefully recorded during driving pile to judge quality and bearing capacity of pile. When readings of gauge suddenly rise or drop, the machine should stop and analysis should be carried out according to geological data to find out if there is an obstacle or broken pile.
 
(7) 遇到須做斷樁處理的情況，決不姑息遷就，堅決做斷樁處理，重新補打。
 When broken pile occurs, the broken pile must be removed and filled again without any delay.
 
(8) 對打樁過程中的任何異常情況，應向監(jiān)理工程師和設(shè)計單位反映，以便及時作出正確的應對措施，嚴禁自行解決。
 Any abnormal conditions during driving pile should be reported to supervision engineer and design unit to make correct counter-measures timely, self-settlement is strictly forbidden.
 
(9) 施工完成后，要嚴格按照規(guī)范及設(shè)計要求，進行各種檢測及試驗，對不合格樁基堅決進行補樁。
 Various tests and inspections should be performed in strict accordance with specifications and design requirements after completion, unqualified pile foundation must be removed and filled again.
 
(10) 壓樁過程中的各種數(shù)據(jù)記錄，要詳細、周全、標準、規(guī)范。
 All data records during driving pile should be detailed, complete, standard and normative.
 
5.4.3       土方開挖工程 Earth Excavation Work
依據(jù)并執(zhí)行施工圖紙的技術(shù)要求、上海市規(guī)范及標準、水泥混凝土路面施工及驗收規(guī)范GBJ97-87、建筑地基設(shè)計規(guī)范GB50007-2002、建筑邊坡工程技術(shù)規(guī)范GB50330-2002、建筑地基處理技術(shù)規(guī)范JGJ97-2002、建筑地基基礎(chǔ)施工質(zhì)量驗收規(guī)范、土工試驗方法標準GB|T50123-1999。
Observe Construction drawings technical requirement, Shanghai specification and standard, Code for Construction and Acceptance of Cement Concrete Road Surface GBJ97-87, Code for Design of Building Subgrade GB50007-2002, Technical Specification of Building Sloping Work GB50330-2002, Technical Specification for Treatment of Building Subgrade JGJ97-2002, Code for Construction and Quality Acceptance of Building Subgrade Foundation, Standard of Geotechnical Testing Method GB|T50123-1999.
 
    關(guān)于基坑開挖施工時將提交給業(yè)主的文件 Submittals deliverable to the Owner
    所有運進來現(xiàn)場材料的的合格證明、測試結(jié)果來源及樣品
all delivered materials quality certificates, test result, source and sample.
 
    夯實機械出場說明書和性能。Compaction equipment instruction manual and performance
    擬采用的夯實方法、測試方法、測試結(jié)果及建議的測試方法。
Compaction method, testing method, test result and proposal.
 
    施工過程控制：在施工過程中的動態(tài)控制更為重要。施工中的動態(tài)控制可歸結(jié)為：多溝通、勤測量、善調(diào)整。
Construction process control: during construction dynamic control is more important. Dynamic control includes more communication, frequent survey and improving adjustment.
 
    勤測量、善調(diào)整：在施工中，應勤于測量，掌握工程的質(zhì)量狀況，對發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題進行分析，作出必要的調(diào)整，并對調(diào)整后的情況進行跟蹤，持續(xù)提高工程施工質(zhì)量。
Frequent survey and improving adjustment: during construction, frequently survey, grasp work quality, analyze issues, make necessary adjustment, trace the situation after adjustment, steadily improve work quality.
 
5.4.3.1    挖土施工 Excavation Work
　　　　準備工作：Preparation
    依據(jù)施工圖紙及技術(shù)規(guī)程實施：挖土前的準備工作施工區(qū)域和通道三米范圍內(nèi)的現(xiàn)場，都應清理，移走現(xiàn)場的樹，灌木，樹樁和垃圾，挖出樹根（直徑大于25MM）和其他植被，嚴禁破環(huán)現(xiàn)場內(nèi)需要保留的樹，根據(jù)國家和上海市規(guī)定的處理廢物。完成現(xiàn)場清理后要得到管理公司的同意方可退除頂層土。頂層土的去除：開挖和回填之前，要砍斷頂層土內(nèi)樹和其他植被的根，不要將頂層土和下層土摻在一起。
According to construction technical drawings and technical specifications: the preparation before excavation includes cleaning construction area and passageways within 3m of the site, as well as removing tress, bush, stumps and garbage on site, digging out roots (diameter greater than 25mm) and other vegetation. It is forbidden to destroy trees required to be left, waste disposal should be according to national and local regulations. After cleaning the site, topsoil could be only removed with approval of management company. Topsoil and subsoil should never be mixed.
 
    開挖采用4臺1m3反鏟挖機和配合2臺0.5m3反鏟挖機開挖樁間土方。和15輛卡車進行運土。
Excavation will be done by two backhoe excavators 1m3 capacity and one backhoe excavator 0.5m capacity and 15 vehicles are used for moving soil.
 
    場地“三通一平”，即水通、電通、路通，場地平整；挖土時，為防止挖機下陷，在挖機底鋪鋼墊板。
Field water connection, electricity connection, road connection and grading are finished. During excavation, place steel plate under excavator to prevent it from collapse.
 
　土方開挖：Earth Excavation
    基坑開挖程序一般是：測量放線—切線—分層開挖—排降水—整平—留足預留土層等。相鄰基坑開挖時，應遵循先深后淺或同時進行的施工程序，挖土應自上而下分層進行。分層為1.5米，每層分段開挖長度不得超過30m。
Foundation excavating procedure” survey and setting out – cutting line – excavation in layers – discharge and lower water – leveling – reserve sufficient soil layer.
 
    本工程土方開挖深度按設(shè)計要求；挖至基礎(chǔ)底上300mm高承臺等局部深處時，采用人工挖土到設(shè)計標高。再統(tǒng)一檢查坑底寬和標高，要求坑底凹凸不超過1.5cm。但必須注意土方不能超挖擾動原有土質(zhì)，因此要求施工測量人員必須時刻注意測量高度，正確指導挖機挖土和人工挖土。
According to the design requirement, when earth excavation is deeper to the capping of 300mm high above foundation slab, use manual digging till obtain design elevation. Then inspect bottom width and elevation, unevenness of bottom of foundation pit is required not to exceed 1.5cm. but pay attention not to over excavate and disturb the existing soil quality. Therefore, surveyor is required to attend the measuring height at all times and correctly guide excavator digging and manual digging.
 
    對測量放線，即在土方開挖前，按放線要求將各測量控制點按外延法將測量控點延伸至車輛運輸不能損壞的地方，最好在該基坑邊緣以外設(shè)定控制點做好記錄；并做好保護；
For survey and setting out, i.e. before earth excavation, all survey control points extend to the place where vehicles could not damage them according to setting out requirement, it is better to set control point at the outside of the foundation edge and keep record.
 
    基底后澆帶土方挖取，在挖至基礎(chǔ)底面下標高時，采用人工挖土。挖土時深度比基礎(chǔ)底板深100mm；另在后澆帶兩端頭，挖掘深度為400mm，并設(shè)磚砌集水井，內(nèi)用1:2水泥砂漿抹面；
Post-concreting area earth excavation of the foundation base, when excavate to the lower elevation of foundation slab, adopt manual excavation. Excavation depth will be 100mm deeper than foundation slab; in addition, at two ends of the post-concreting area, excavating depth is 400mm, and set masonry sump well, plaster with 1:2 cement mortar inside the well.
 
    人工挖土至設(shè)計標高時，需要測量員全程跟蹤，并用250mm長竹簽按每1.5-2m左右釘設(shè)一個，竹簽上端標高作為墊層上表面標高控制；
Manually excavate to the design elevation, the surveyor is required to trace all process, and use a 250mm long prod for every 1.5-2m. the top  elevation of the prod is used to control surface elevation of the bedding course.
 
    當基坑內(nèi)挖土全部結(jié)束時，按設(shè)計要求和施工要求，將基坑以各軸線為方格平面圖繪出，每隔2-4小時監(jiān)測基坑土是否有上涌現(xiàn)象，如有發(fā)生，及時與公司技術(shù)部門或與業(yè)主、設(shè)計院聯(lián)系；
After completion of excavation inside the foundation pit, draft grid plan drawing according to design requirement and construction requirement. Monitor foundation soil at intervals of 2-4 hours. If water suring occurs, immediately notify company technical department or contact the Owner and design institute.
 
    基坑挖土完成后，及時請監(jiān)理、業(yè)主、必要時請設(shè)計院參與對基坑的驗槽，做好基坑驗槽的工程資料。
 After completion of foundation pit excavation, immediately report supervision, Owner and design institute, if necessary, to witness the trench acceptance and prepare and record foundation acceptance information and data.
 
5.4.3.2        基坑開挖對周邊環(huán)境的監(jiān)測
Monitoring of Peripheral Environment when Foundation Pit Excavation
5.4.3.3        基坑內(nèi)和基坑外排水措施
 Drainage Measures inside and      outside the foundation pit
 
    在基坑施工過程中所有排水均依照《地表排水作業(yè)規(guī)程》來實施。
During foundation pit construction, all water draining will be done according to the Specification for Operation of Surface Water Drainage”.
 
    基坑挖土從開始起在基坑的各大角挖800800800深的集水井，中間每隔30m左右再設(shè)置一個集水井，轉(zhuǎn)角處增設(shè)集水井，各集水井之間用300200排水溝相連通，使基坑內(nèi)排水形成暢通路徑。
 Foundation pit excavation starts with sump of 800800800 deep, in the middle set a sump at intervals of 30m, at the corner add sump. Between all sumps connected with 300200 drainage ditch, make drainage in the foundation pit unblocked.
 
    在坑周設(shè)置貫通的400×400磚砌排水溝，并在沿排水溝隔20－30m設(shè)置800×800×800（H）集水井。將地面雨水、污水集中后，視情況設(shè)置沉淀池，排入城市下水管網(wǎng)或泄洪渠；
set a through drainage ditch with 400x400 brick masonry, set 800×800×800（H）sump along drainage ditch at intervals of 20-30m. collect the surface rainwater, wastewater, set precipitation tank, drain into the municipal underground piping system or flood channel.
 
5.4.3.4    基坑四周的安全圍護 Safety Protection around foundation pit
    從基坑挖土開始時，為保證基坑四周人員及其他雜物不掉入坑內(nèi)，基坑四周沿圍護結(jié)構(gòu)邊應設(shè)置安全圍護架。圍護架高度1.20m，每隔4m左右設(shè)一固定立桿其余立桿按2m間距設(shè)在其中，橫桿設(shè)三排，立桿埋設(shè)于土下50-70MM。鋼管外涂黃黑相間油漆。圍護架外用安全網(wǎng)封閉；
Start from the foundation excavation, safety protection support set around the protection structure, the protection support height is 1.20m, set a fixed post at intervals of 4m, other poles set between them at intervals of 2m, cross bar set three rows, poles embed under the earth 50-70mm. steel tube surface coated with yellow-black paint. Protection support will be enclosed with safety net.
 
    為方便基坑內(nèi)操作人員上下和材料運輸，從挖土一開始進行，根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實際情況搭設(shè)上人跑梯。梯子寬度不小于1.5m。
To facilitate the operator up and down and material conveyance inside the foundation pit, from the very beginning of excavation, set an accessible ladder according to site physical condition. Ladder with will not be smaller than 1.5m.
 
5.4.3.5    土方回填注意事項 Points for Attention of Earth Backfilling
    回填土按照設(shè)計單位提供的技術(shù)和國家規(guī)程來執(zhí)行。
 Backfilling should be in accordance with techniques provided by design unit and national regulations.
 
    回填材料 Backfilling materials
    石塊材料回填：所需要石塊回填的地方，材料應級配良好干質(zhì)石塊、磚塊、混凝土塊及其他硬質(zhì)的材料。碎石最大不能超過50毫米。每層回填不超過150毫米。表面需密實。
 Stone backfilling: the stones must be graded dry stones, bricks, concrete and other hard material. Max. gravel size will not be larger than 50mm. backfilling will not exceed 150mm in every layer. The surface will be compacted.
 
    回填材料中不應含有樹枝、雜草、有機物及其他有毒物。如回填碎石，碎石應干凈、堅硬、耐久、良好級配、細骨料含量適當，碎石最大直徑不能超過150毫米。
 Backfilling material should not contain branches, weeds, organic matter and other toxic substances. If for gravel backfilling, gravel should be clean, hard, durable, good gradation, appropriate fine aggregate content , maximum gravel size should not over 150 mm
 
    當回填材料為黏土時，土壤最佳含水量和相應的最大干重量要通過夯壓測試來定。
When the backfilling material is clay, the best soil moisture content and the corresponding maximum dry weight will rely upon testing of ramming pressure.
 
    為了夯實和回填必須得到業(yè)主的同意，方可在離墻體或混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)1.5米的距離內(nèi)使用機械。夯實靠近混凝土墻體的回填土，應用手工操作設(shè)備。
Compaction and backfilling must obtain the Owner’s approval. Equipment will be used within a distance of 1.5m from the wall or concrete structure. Compaction of the backfilling soil close to concrete wall will be done with manual operating equipment.
 
    對于暗浜區(qū)域的回填土及結(jié)構(gòu)地面下的回填土：回填土到指定的深度，每層回填土不可超過250毫米，壓實密度不可小于88%,對于頂層填土要留有余地。
Backfilling for the concealed river area and structure subsurface: backfill soil to the designed depth, each layer backfilling will not exceed 250mm, compaction ratio will not be less than 88%, backfilling on the top is required to leave room.
 
    要求每層土回填接近水平，每層的厚度依據(jù)土壤的狀況來定，但是不能超過200MM。
Each layer backfilling is close to horizontal, the thickness in every layer relies upon the soil condition, but will not be over 200mm.
 
    在夯實期間要對土的含水率加以控制，最佳含水量為正負2％
At the period of compaction, control water content rate in soil. The best water content will be plus or minus 2%
 
    對于夯實設(shè)備要進行現(xiàn)場測試，確保達到密度要求。
Conduct site testing on compaction equipment, ensure obtaining compaction requirement.
 
    驗收標準的夯實土密度百分比根據(jù)GBJ225-97最大干密度規(guī)定來定。見下表
For compacted soil density percentage, acceptance standard will rely upon the max. dry density specification in GBJ225-97.
 
    夯實土的要經(jīng)過密度實驗測試。
Compacted soil must pass density experimental test.
 
5.4.3.6    混凝土墊層施工 Concrete Cushion Construction
    基坑土方開挖完畢后，基底土方上表面標高及排水設(shè)施施工完成，應盡快澆搗墊層混凝土，基底土方不應暴露過長，最好控制在24h之內(nèi)。
After excavation of foundation pit, bottom earth top elevation and drainage facility finish construction. Place cushion concrete as soon as possible, bottom earth should be over exposed, control within 24 hours is best.
 
    墊層為C15混凝土，150mm厚。在基底挖土完成的當天，應組織人澆搗混凝土；
Cushion C15 concrete, 150mm thick. On the day completing the foundation bottom excavation, organize crews to place and tamp concrete.
 
    混凝土采用商品混凝土，因此在澆搗混凝土前，應聯(lián)系好廠家。對商品混凝土生產(chǎn)廠家的要求是：混凝土生產(chǎn)資質(zhì)，混凝土試配試驗報告，混凝土的最終配合比以及混凝土的生產(chǎn)、運輸?shù)龋?br /> Concrete will be ready-mixed concrete. Before purring concrete, get in touch with the concrete manufacturer. Requirement on ready-mixed concrete manufacturer: concrete production qualification, concrete test report, final concrete mixing ratio and concrete productivity, transportation capacity.
 
    準確放出基坑C15混凝土墊層邊線。墊層超出基礎(chǔ)底板邊100mm寬。用50mm厚100mm寬木枋做模板，模板用短鋼筋固定；
Accurately set out side line of foundation pit C15 concrete cushion. The cushion will be over the foundation slab side for 100mm wide. Adopt 50mm thick and 100m wide timber as formwork. The formwork will be fixed with short rebar.
 
    后澆帶墊層做法按結(jié)施總說明施工。
Post-concreting cushion method according to general structuring construction description.
 
    混凝土澆搗時用振動棒或平板振動器對混凝土進行振搗，再用2m括尺找平，最后用人工木抹子搓毛混凝土表面；測量員需隨時測量墊層上表面標高；
use vibrating needle or platen vibrator to vibrate concrete, then use 2m screeder for leveling, finally manually roughen concrete surface with wood trowel. Surveyor will measure the surface elevation on the cushion.
 
    后澆帶兩端頭的墊層寬度，應充分考慮后澆帶防水要求、模板安裝、混凝土澆筑時圍護和操作的空。
Cushion width of the two ends of post-concreting area should fully consider waterproofing requirement, formwork installation, protection during concrete pouring, operation space, etc.
 
    做好混凝土的收料工作，試件試樣和基礎(chǔ)底板施工的各項工程資料。
Make good receiving work of concrete, test pieces, test cubes and all engineering information and documents for foundation slab construction.
 
5.4.4       樁頭連接施工 Pile Head Splicing Construction
樁基通過驗收后，開挖完后對樁頭進行處理，按照國家、地方圖集要求將樁與承臺進行連接。（見下圖）
Foundation pile, after acceptance, its head will be treated, connect the pile to the capping according to national and local drawing atlas requirement. (See the following diagram)
                      
   5.4.5  鋼筋工程 Reinforcement Work
執(zhí)行施工圖紙的要求及國家相關(guān)的規(guī)程和上海是的要求來制定工作要求。GB1499、GB13013、GB50204-2002。
Work requirements should be built by implementing requirements of construction drawings and relevant national regulations, as well as local requirements. GB1499、GB13013、GB50204-2002.
 
    結(jié)合建設(shè)單位的要求、混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)工程GB 50204-92。合同要求、及工程圖紙及說明。 Combining requirements of construction unit, Concrete Structure Engineering GB 50204-92. contract requirements, construction drawings and instructions.
 
5.4.5.1    鋼材的進場、檢驗與標識 Steel delivery, test and identification
    我公司將在公司合格供應商名錄里挑選幾家，進行綜合評審，進貨時貨比三家，選定最后的做為本工程的鋼材供應商。嚴把進貨關(guān)。
Our company will choose several suppliers from the qualified supplier’s list for synthetic assessment. When importing materials choose the final supplier as our supplier for steel material.
 
    進貨驗收：鋼材在進場時由材料員、專職質(zhì)檢員對鋼材進行檢驗。鋼材每捆（盤）上掛有標牌（注明生產(chǎn)廠家、生產(chǎn)日期鋼號、爐罐號、鋼筋級別、直徑標記）并附有質(zhì)量證明書；
Acceptance on receipt: material controller, dedicated quality inspector inspect steel when moving into site. Steel per bundle (pan) should have index tag (indicating manufacturer’s name, production date, steel number, heat number, steel class, diameter) and attached with quality certification.
 
    檢查每批由同牌號、同爐罐號、同規(guī)格，同交貨狀態(tài)鋼筋組成，重量不大于60t。并從中抽取5%進行外觀檢查，鋼筋表面不得有裂紋，結(jié)疤和折疊、鋼筋表面允許有凸塊，但不超過橫肋高度，鋼筋表面允許其它缺陷的深度和高度不得大于所在部位尺寸的允許允許偏差。
Inspection per batch is composed of the same brand, same heat number, same size, same delivery steel, weight is not greater than 60t. conduct visual observation at a rate of 5%. Steel surface should not have cracks, scars and wrinkles, but allow projection, the projection will not exceed cross rib height. Other allowable defect depth and height should not be greater than the allowable deviation of the location size.
 
    從每批鋼筋中任選兩根鋼筋，每根取兩個試樣分別進行拉伸試驗（包括屈服點，抗拉強度和伸長率）和冷彎試驗。如有一項試驗結(jié)果不符合要求，則從同一批中另取雙倍數(shù)量的試樣重作各項試驗。如仍有一個試樣不合格，則該批鋼筋為不合格品，需退回廠家。
Choose any two reinforcing steels from the back reinforcing steels for tensile strength test (including yield point, tensile strength and elongation) and cold bending test. If one item test result is not be in accordance with the requirement, choose the test sample in double quantity from the same batch for all items of testing. If one test sample still could not be qualified, that batch of reinforcing steel is considered as non-compliance product and shall remove back to manufacturer.
 
    熱軋鋼筋在加工過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)脆斷，焊接性能不良或機械性能顯著不正常現(xiàn)象時，應進行化學成分分析或其它專項檢驗。
Hot rolled reinforcing steel will pass chemical composition analysis or other special testing if finding fracture, bad welding performance or mechanical property during processing.
 
    依照ISO9000的2000標準，執(zhí)行本公司《產(chǎn)品標識和可追溯工作程序》建立合格鋼材堆碼區(qū)，要求分規(guī)格堆碼，掛標識牌，注明鋼材等級、規(guī)格、產(chǎn)地、數(shù)量等，鋼筋必須檢驗合格方可進入合格鋼材堆碼區(qū)。此堆碼區(qū)為該單體工程單獨設(shè)置。
According to ISO9000 2000 standard, execute our company “Program for Production Identification and Traceability Work” , establish laydown area for qualified steels, place the steels by different sizes, tag out, indicating steel class, size, place of origin, quantity, etc. Reinforcing steel should be subject to qualified test then enter into the laydown area for qualified steel. The laydown area will be individually set up as its unit work.
 
    提供業(yè)主的資料：Submittals to the Owner
鋼筋地運工地前，提供鋼筋的關(guān)于鋼筋的物理化學性能的軋制試驗報告書或出廠合格證。
Mill test reports certifying physical and chemical properties or ex-factory certificate of qualification for reinforcing steel to be delivered to the site.
 
    鋼筋施工詳圖。Reinforcing steel construction detail
    各種焊接焊工的資格證書。A copy of all welder’s certificates prior to any welding.
    有關(guān)鋼筋鋪設(shè)檢驗的鋼筋報告。Reinforcing steel placing test report
5.4.5.2    鋼筋翻樣 Reinforcing steel Lofting
    我司將由專業(yè)工長對圖紙鋼筋進行翻樣，工程技術(shù)負責人對翻樣單進行審核之后才進行下一步的鋼筋制作與加工。
Our division will assign a professional foreman for reinforcing steel lofting according to drawing, engineering technical principal will review the lofting sheet, then the further rebar fabrication and working can be done.
 
    根據(jù)本工程的實際情況，翻樣時依據(jù)圖紙結(jié)構(gòu)說明及03G101-1、03G101-2、04G101-4標準圖集進行。
Lofting will be done according to the actual work condition, drawing structure description and standard drawing atlas 3G101-1、03G101-2、04G101-4.
 
    主要技術(shù)措施：基礎(chǔ)鋼筋主要受力鋼筋B14采用搭接連接，基礎(chǔ)梁主要為C18－C25等鋼筋采用閃光對焊，柱豎向鋼筋采用電渣壓力焊焊接。
Major technical measures: main reinforcement of reinforcement foundation uses lap joints, foundation beam comprises C18-C25 reinforcement welded by flash welding, column vertical reinforcement is jointed by electroslag pressure welding.
 
    焊接接頭不宜在最大受拉區(qū)，且同一斷面接頭數(shù)不超過50%，搭接接頭禁止在最大受拉區(qū)，且同一截面內(nèi)不超過1/4（搭接長度為44d）或不超過50%（受壓區(qū)、搭接長度為48d）。
welding joint will not be set at max. compression area, and the number of the same cross-section joint will not be over 50%, overlap joint will not be allowed to set at max. tensile area and within the same cross section the overlap joint will not be over 1/4 (overlap length 44d) or 50% (compression area, overlap length 48d).
 
    鋼筋下料長度的計算：根據(jù)圖紙尺寸考慮鋼筋的錨固長度，接搭長度（如下表）；閃光對焊增加閃光量，電渣壓力焊增加鋼筋熔化量25mm;鋼筋錨固、搭接長度表：
Length calculation of reinforcing steel undercut: according to the size indicated on the drawing, consider reinforcing steel anchoring length, overlap length (see following table); flash butt-welding increases flash capacity, electroslag press welding increases reinforcing steel melting capacity 25mm; reinforcing steel anchoring, overlap length table
 
    箍筋的尺寸計算考慮梁筋的根數(shù)、直徑、等分鋼筋間距并滿足鋼筋保護層要求。
Calculation of stirrup size considers number, diameter of beam bar, divide spacing of reinforcing steel equally and meet reinforcing steel covering requirement.
 
5.4.5.3    閃光對焊 Flash Butt-welding
    本基礎(chǔ)工程采用預熱閃光對焊，采用三臺閃光對焊機。
 The foundation work will use preheating flash butt-welding method, adopt three sets of flash butt-welding machines.
 
    對焊操作必須持有證件，在上崗操作之前對其進行考核，方才正式上崗。 Butt-welding operation must have permit. Before welding the welder shall pass welder’s examination.
 
    在焊接之前，應在清除鋼筋端頭的鐵銹、污泥等，如鋼筋有彎頭應先截除。焊接完畢后，不能馬上松開夾具，等接頭變?yōu)榧t黑色之后才松開夾具，平穩(wěn)取出鋼筋，以免鋼筋產(chǎn)生彎曲。焊接好鋼筋架空堆放，同時確保焊接場地防風、防雨，以免接頭發(fā)生驟然冷卻，發(fā)生脆斷。
Before welding remove rust, sludge, on the reinforcing steel end, if reinforcing steel have elbow should be cut off. After welding, should not immediately release the fixture, wait until the joint becoming red and black release the fixture, smoothly remove out reinforcing steel so as not to produce bending. Welding reinforcing steel shall be placed overhead, and ensure that the welding site has weather-proof protected, so as not to happen suddenly cooling joints, brittle fracture happened.
 
    試驗：同一臺班內(nèi)由同一焊工完成的300個同級別、同直徑鋼筋焊接接頭應作為一批。當同一臺班內(nèi)，可在一周內(nèi)累計計算；累計仍不足300個接頭，也按一批計；力學性能試驗時，試件應從成品中隨機切取6個試件；若當出現(xiàn)試驗結(jié)果不符合要求時，可隨機再取雙倍數(shù)量試件進行復試。
Test: in the same shift, 300 welding joints done by the same welder for same class, same diameter will be considered as one batch. In the same shift, the joints can be accumulated and calculated within one week. If a total of 300 joints is still insufficient, also considered as one batch; for mechanical properties test,  6 specimens shall be randomly obtained from the finished products; if test results do not meet request, may take double the number of specimens to retest
 
5.4.5.4    電渣壓力焊 Electroslag press welding
    據(jù)鋼筋直徑大小選擇焊接參數(shù)。
Select welding parameters according to the diameter of reinforcing steel
    焊接參數(shù)的選擇： Preference of welding parameters
    質(zhì)量檢查：Quality Inspection
外觀檢查：檢查接頭外觀焊包是否飽滿，有無明顯燒傷痕跡，檢查鋼筋軸線是否偏位，偏位不得超過鋼筋直徑的0.1d，且不得大于2mm，接頭彎折處不大于4，如出現(xiàn)此種情況對接頭截除后予以重焊。
Visual inspection: inspect joint appearance for full of welding, burned marks, displacement. Displacement shall not exceed 0.1d of reinforcing steel diameter, and not greater than 2mm.Joint bending point shall not greater than 4，if finding such issue cut off the joint and reweld.
 
拉伸實驗：在一層中同種規(guī)格小于等于300個接頭作為一批，現(xiàn)場取三個接頭進行拉伸試驗。試驗合格方可使用在工程中，如不合格則取雙倍數(shù)量的試樣進行復驗，復驗如達不到要求，此批為不合格品，予以截除重新焊接。
Tensile test: at one level, joints of the same size not less than or equal to 300 consider as one batch. Obtain three joints on site for tensile test. Reinforcing steel can be put into use in the work after qualified test. If unqualified, obtain double the number of specimens for retest. If retest can not obtain the requirement, that batch will be deemed as non-compliance and they will be cut off and reweld.
 
5.4.5.5    鋼筋的輔助配件 Auxiliary reinforcing steel parts
綁扎用鐵絲：16號以上退火軟黑鐵絲 tie wire: 16 gauge or heavier black soft annealed wire.
    鋼筋墊塊根據(jù)要求按照不同類型選擇合適的墊塊
Bar supports: proper type for the intended use in conformance with related requirements.
 
    不允許墊塊外露時用標準墊塊。
Bright basic supports where the supports do not come in contact with exposed concrete surfaces.
 
    允許墊塊外露是用塑料鋼筋保護墊塊。
Plastic-protected supports where the support come in contact with exposed concrete surfaces.
 
    混凝土澆筑在坡度上或土上，應使用帶砂墊板的墊塊或預制墊塊
Bright basic bar supports with sand plates or precast concrete bar supports in concrete placed on grade or against earth cuts.
 
    敦粗直螺紋機械連接套管，要求連接強度達到鋼筋屈服強度的110%
Upset threaded mechanical couplers: designed to develop 110% of the yield strength of the reinforcing steel.
 
    熔焊對接套管，要求連接強度達到鋼筋屈服強度的100%
fusion mechanical couplers: designed to develop 100% of the yield strength of the reinforcing steel.
    端頭連接件：要求他們的抗壓強度達到鋼筋屈服強度的100%
End-bearing splice devices: designed to develop 100% of the compressive strength of the reinforcing steel.
 
5.4.5.6    鋼筋綁扎 Reinforcing steel Binding
鋼筋綁扎前，應重點對鋼筋上的污染物進行清除，特別是鋼筋的銹跡和焊接的地方處理好
before binding reinforcing steel, remove the contaminants on the reinforcement, especially the rust mark and the welded points.
 
    主筋的擺放順序從下至上為：主梁底1次梁底1主梁底2次梁底2主梁面2次梁面2主梁面1次梁面1，主筋擺放間距均勻且凈距不小于50mm，兩層筋之間每1.5m用C25作為墊鐵保證其凈距，在主筋劃出箍筋位置，箍筋開口應交錯布置,鋼筋幫扎用20#鐵絲，不能漏扎。
Main bar placing procedure from bottom to top: primary beam bottom 1 secondary beam bottom 1primary beam bottom 2secondary beam bottom 2primary beam surface 2secondary beam surface 2primary beam surface 1secondary beam surface 1. main bar spacing placed evenly and clear distance not less than 50mm. use C25 as shim between two reinforcement layers at intervals of 1.5m. mark out stirrup position on main bar, stirrup opening staggered arrangement, use 20# tie wire to secure reinforcing steel bar.
 
    柱筋主筋接頭當鋼筋直徑為16≤25時，采用豎向鋼筋電渣壓力焊， <16時采用搭接連接，主筋接頭應按50%錯開。
Column main bar joint, when reinforcing steel is 16≤25 in diameter, select vertical reinforcing steel electroslag press welding, if the bar is larger than 16 in diameter use lap connection. Main bar joint shall be 50% staggered.
 
    柱受力鋼筋機械連接接頭宜相互錯開，其連接區(qū)段的長度為35d，同一連接區(qū)段內(nèi)受力鋼筋接頭面積百分率不宜大于50%。
Column stress bar mechanical connection joint shall be mutually staggered, connecting length shall be 35d, area percentage of stress rebar joint within the same connection section shall not be larger than 50%.
 
    梁受力鋼筋接頭采用對焊連接，板鋼筋接頭采用綁扎搭接連接。
Beam stress rebar joint use butt-welding, slab rebar joint use lap connection by tie wire.
 
    鋼筋的錨固長度為lae=35d；受力鋼筋的搭接長度為ll=44d（接頭面積百分率25%）；ll=48d（接頭面積百分率50%）。非受力鋼筋的搭接長度：（即架立分布筋）ll=35d，且不小于200。
Anchoring length of rebar is lae=35d；lap joint length of stress rebar is ll=44d（joint area percentage 25%）; ll=48d (joint area percentage 50%). Non-stress rebar lap joint length (distribution bar) ll=35d，and not less than 200.
 
    同一截面受力鋼筋接頭面積的允許百分率：除綁扎骨架和綁扎網(wǎng)中的鋼筋的搭接接頭在受拉區(qū)為25%外，其他形式的搭接接頭均為50%。
Allowable stress rebar joint area percentage of the same cross section: within tensile area, rebar lap joint in the skeleton and mat 25%, other type of lap joint 50%.
 
    鋼筋交叉處的附加鋼筋，拉結(jié)鋼筋及箍筋，應帶有180°彎鉤。
Alternate corner bars at wall intersections and tie and stirrup cap hooks 180°.
 
    螺旋鋼筋的搭接長度，取48倍的鋼筋直徑及300毫米兩者之大。
Spiral lap splices shall be 48 bar diameters minimum or 300mm, whichever is greater.
 
    鋼筋的墊塊間距在任何一個方向上的距離最大不超過1米。
Reinforcing steel shall be supported by use of bar supports at one meter in any direction.
 
    混凝土運送的設(shè)備不能直接支撐在鋼筋及墊塊上。
Concrete conveying equipment, etc. shall not be supported on reinforcing steel or supporting accessories.
 
    剪力墻及暗柱綁扎：Shear wall and concealed column binding
 
    墻、柱子筋綁扎前，應根據(jù)所放的定位線再次校正予埋插筋，位移嚴重時要按規(guī)定認真處理，必要時找設(shè)計院、監(jiān)理共同商定，予埋墻、柱插筋時，為確保位置準確，對予留插筋施工時要求：墻水平筋不少于三道，柱箍不少于三道，并且第一道必須點焊固定與板面筋上。墻板豎向鋼筋如圖。
Before walls, pillars binding, should be based on the positioning line once again calibrate dowel bar, severe displacement required earnestly treated and, if necessary, request design institute, supervision for agreement, embedding dowels in the wall and column shall ensure the correct position. Requirement: wall horizontal bar shall not be less than 3 courses, column hoops not less than 3 courses, and the first course must be fixed and spot welded on the slab surface bar. Vertical wall rebar see Figure