<nobr id="byywt"></nobr>

Rules of the Supreme People's Court on Some Issues Concerning the Trial on the Disputed Cases over the Contracts for Financial Leasing
 
　最高人民法院審判委員會第793次會議討論通過
　　    　Adopt Date: 27th May 1996　　Effective Date: 27th May 1996
　　Issued by: the Supreme People's Court at its 793rd Meeting of Judicial Committee
 
　　為正確審理融資租賃合同糾紛案件，保障當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益，根據(jù)我國的有關(guān)法律規(guī)定和審判實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，特作如下規(guī)定：
In order to ensure the correct trial and judgment on the disputed cases over the contracts for financial leasing and protect the legal rights and interests of the litigants, and pursuant to the provisions of related laws of the People's Republic of China as well as on the basis of the experience gained in the trial practice, we hereby issue the following rules:
 
　　一、融資租賃合同糾紛案件的當(dāng)事人應(yīng)包括出租人、承租人。供貨人是否需要列為當(dāng)事人，由法院根據(jù)案件的具體情況決定。但供貨合同中有仲裁條款的，則不應(yīng)當(dāng)將供貨人列為當(dāng)事人。
Article 1 The litigants of the disputed case over the contract for financial leasing shall include the leasor and the lessee. Whether the supplier must be one of the litigants or not shall be decided by the court according to the actual circumstances of the case. However, if arbitration clause is included in the contract, the supplier shall not be determined to be one of the litigants.
 
　　二、融資租賃合同中的承租人與租賃物的實(shí)際使用人不一致時，法院可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況決定將實(shí)際使用人列為案件的當(dāng)事人。
Article 2 When the lessee in the contract for financial leasing is not the user who actually uses the leased property, the court may determine the user to be one of the litigants in the case according to the related facts.
 
　　三、融資租賃合同糾紛案件的當(dāng)事人，可以協(xié)議選擇與爭議有實(shí)際聯(lián)系地點(diǎn)的法院管轄。當(dāng)事人未選擇管轄法院的，應(yīng)由被告住所地或合同履行地法院管轄。租賃物的使用地為融資租賃合同的履行地。
Article 3 The litigants in the disputed case over the contract for financial leasing, may choose through negotiation the court in the place substantially associating to the controversy to have the jurisdiction over the case. If the litigants do not choose the court with jurisdiction, the court in the place of residence of the defendant or the place of the performance of the contract shall have the jurisdiction over the case. The place where the leased property is used shall be deemed to be the place of the performance of the contract for financial leasing.
 
　　四、涉外融資租賃合同糾紛案件的當(dāng)事人可以協(xié)議選擇處理合同爭議所適用的法律；當(dāng)事人沒有選擇的，適用承租人所在地的法律。
Article 4 The litigants in the disputed case for the contract for financial leasing relating to the foreign interests may choose through negotiation the law applicable to the dispute over the contract. If the litigants do not choose such law, the law in enforcement in the place of residence of the lessee shall be applicable to the case.
 
　　五、融資租賃合同所涉及的項(xiàng)目應(yīng)當(dāng)報經(jīng)有關(guān)部門批準(zhǔn)而未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)的，應(yīng)認(rèn)定融資租賃合同不生效。
Article 5 If the items involved in the contract for financial leasing shall have been approved by the related authorities but actually have not been approved, such contract shall be held null and void.
 
　　六、有下列情形之一的，應(yīng)認(rèn)定融資租賃合同為無效合同：
Article 6 If one of the following circumstances exists, the contract for financial leasing shall be deemed to be invalid contract:
 
　�。ㄒ唬┏鲎馊瞬痪哂袕氖氯谫Y租賃經(jīng)營范圍的；
　　(1) The leasor has no right to do business within the scope of financial leasing;
 
　　（二）承租人與供貨人惡意串通，騙取出租人資金的；
　　(2) The lessee and supplier swindles the fund of the leasor through malicious collaboration;
 
　�。ㄈ�）以融資租賃合同形式規(guī)避國家有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)的；
　　(3) The contract sidesteps the law and regulations of the State in the form of the contract for financial leasing; and
 
　　（四）依照有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定應(yīng)認(rèn)定為無效的。
　(4) The contracts that shall be deemed to be null and void in accordance with the related laws and regulations.
 
　　七、融資租賃合同被確定為無效后，應(yīng)區(qū)分下列情形分別處理：
Article 7 The contract for financial leasing, after being deemed to be null and void, shall be handled respectively according to the following circumstances:
 
　�。ㄒ唬┮虺凶馊说倪^錯造成合同無效，出租人不要求返還租賃物的，租賃物可以不予返還，但承租人應(yīng)賠償因其過錯給出租人造成的損失；
　(1) If the invalidity of the contract is caused due to the fault of the lessee, and the leasor do not claim for returning the leased property to it, the leased property may not be returned to the leasor, but the lessee shall make compensation for the damages caused to the leasor due to the faults of the lessee;
 
　�。ǘ�）因出租人的過錯造成合同無效，承租人要求退還租賃物的，可以退還租賃物，如有損失，出租人應(yīng)賠償相應(yīng)損失；
(2) If the invalidity of the contract is caused due to the fault of the leasor, and the lessee claims for returning the leased property to the leasor, the leased property may be returned to the leasor, and the leasor shall make compensation for the damages caused to the lessee due to the faults of the leasor, if any; and
 
　�。ㄈ�）因出租人和承租人的共同過錯造成合同無效的，可以返還租賃物，并根據(jù)過錯大小各自承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的損失和賠償責(zé)任。
　(3) If the invalidity of the contract is caused due to the faults of both the leasor and lessee, the leased property may be returned to its owner, and each party shall bear the responsibilities for compensating for the damages corresponding to its own faults.
 
　　租賃物正在繼續(xù)使用且發(fā)揮效益的，對租賃物是否返還，可以協(xié)商解決；協(xié)商不成的，由法院根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作出判決。
If the leased property is in use currently and is producing economic benefits, the leasor and lessee may decide through negotiation whether the leased property shall be returned. If the negotiation fails, the court shall make a ruling based on the facts.
 
　　八、在《最高人民法院關(guān)于貫徹執(zhí)行〈中華人民共和國民法通則〉若干問題的意見（試行）》中規(guī)定國家機(jī)關(guān)不能擔(dān)任保證人之后，國家機(jī)關(guān)所作的保證應(yīng)認(rèn)定無效。因保證無效而給債權(quán)人造成損失的，提供保證的國家機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的賠償責(zé)任。
Article 8 If the State's agencies act as guarantor after it was stipulated in the Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Some Issues Concerning the Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China (trial implementation), such guarantor shall be deemed null and void. If the invalidity of the guarantor has caused damages to the creditor, the State's agency that has provided the guarantee shall bear corresponding responsibility for compensation.
 
　　九、租賃物從境外購買的，融資租賃合同當(dāng)事人約定用外幣支付租金，應(yīng)認(rèn)定為有效。
Article 9 The leased property purchased from foreign countries and for which the litigants in the contract for financial leasing agreed in the contract to pay the rent in foreign currency, such contract shall be deemed valid.
 
　　十、在租賃合同履行完畢之前，承租人未經(jīng)出租人同意，將租賃物進(jìn)行抵押、轉(zhuǎn)讓、轉(zhuǎn)租或投資入股，其行為無效，出租人有權(quán)收回租賃物，并要求承租人賠償損失。因承租人的無效行為給第三人造成損失的，第三人有權(quán)要求承租人賠償。
　Article 10 Before the completion of the performance of the contract for financial leasing, the lessee, without prior consent of the leasor, provides mortgage against the leased property, transfers or subleases it to others, or makes investment based on the leased property and holds shares in a venture, his acts shall be deemed null and void, and the leasor has right to take back the leased property and claim damages if any from the lessee. The third party has right to request the lessee to make compensation for damages caused to it.
 
　　十一、在融資租賃合同有效期間內(nèi)，出租人非法干預(yù)承租人對租賃物的正常使用或者擅自取回租賃物，而造成承租人損失的，出租人應(yīng)承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。
　Article 11 If the leasor illegally interferes in the normal use of the leased property by the lessee, or takes back the leased property without prior consent of the lessee, and such act has resulted in damage to the lessee, the leasor shall bear the responsibilities for compensation.
 
　　十二、在供貨人有遲延交貨或交付的租賃物質(zhì)量、數(shù)量存在問題以及其他違反供貨合同約定的行為時，對其進(jìn)行索賠應(yīng)區(qū)別不同情形予以處理：
　Article 12 If the supplier delayed in the delivery of the goods, or the quality or quantities of the delivered goods is not in accordance with the agreement, or other acts in breach of the supply contract, the claims for the damage shall be handled in consideration of the following different circumstances:
 
　�。ㄒ唬┕┴浐贤�或租賃合同中未約定轉(zhuǎn)讓索賠權(quán)的，對供貨人的索賠應(yīng)由出租人享有和行使，承租人應(yīng)提供有關(guān)證據(jù)；
　(1) For the supply contract or lease contract where the transfer of claim is stipulated, the leasor shall enjoy and exercise the claim right, and the lessee shall provide necessary evidences; and
 
　　（二）在供貨合同和租賃合同中均約定轉(zhuǎn)讓索賠權(quán)的，應(yīng)由承租人直接向供貨人索賠。
　(2) If the transfer of claim is stipulated in the supply contract or lease contract, the lessee shall directly lodges claim to the supplier.
 
　　十三、有下列情形之一的，當(dāng)租賃物質(zhì)量、數(shù)量等存在問題，在對供貨人索賠不著或不足時，出租人應(yīng)承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任：
Article 13 Where one of the following circumstances exists, the leasor shall bear the responsibilities for compensation when the lessee is unable to lodge claim to the supplier or the compensation provided by the supplier is insufficient for the damage caused due to the quantity or quality of the leased property:
 
　�。ㄒ唬┏鲎馊烁鶕�(jù)租賃合同的約定完全是利用自己的技能和判斷為承租人選擇供貨人或租賃物的；
　(1) According to the lease contract, the leasor has selected the supplier or leased property completely based on its own knowledge and judgement for the lessee;
 
　�。ǘ�）出租人為承租人指定供貨人或租賃物的；
　　(2) The leasor has appointed the supplier or leased property; and
 
　�。ㄈ�）出租人擅自變更承租人已選定的供貨人或租賃物的。
　(3) The leasor, not subject to the approval of the lessee, has changed the supplier or leased property chosen by the lessee;
 
　　除上列情形外，出租人對租賃物的質(zhì)量、數(shù)量等問題一般不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。
Save as stated in the above, the leasor shall generally not bear any responsibilities for the quantity or quality of the leased property.
 
　　十四、在出租人無過錯的情形下，對供貨人索賠的費(fèi)用和結(jié)果，均由承租人承擔(dān)和享有。如因出租人的過錯造成索賠逾期或索賠不著，出租人應(yīng)承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。
　Article 14 Where the lessee has no faults, the cost incurred and the result produced in the claim against the supplier shall be respectively born and enjoyed by the lessee. If the non-claim or overdue claim is caused due to the faults of the leasor, the leasor shall bear the corresponding responsibility.
 
　　十五、因租賃物的質(zhì)量、數(shù)量等問題對供貨人索賠，如出租人無過錯，不影響出租人向承租人行使收取租金的權(quán)利。
Article 15 Where claim is lodged against the supplier for the quality or quantity, and the leasor has not any faults, the exercise of the right of the leasor to collect the rent to the lessee shall not be affected.
 
　　十六、承租人未按合同約定支付部分或全部租金，屬違約行為，承租人應(yīng)按合同約定支付租金、逾期利息，并賠償出租人相應(yīng)的損失。
　Article 16 Where lessee has not paid the partial or whole rent as agreed in the contract, such acts shall be deemed illegal and the lessee shall pay the rent according to the contract, overdue interests and make compensation for the damage to the leasor accordingly.
 
　　十七、在承租人破產(chǎn)時，出租人可以將租賃物收回；也可以申請受理破產(chǎn)案件的法院拍賣租賃物，將拍賣所得款用以清償承租人所欠出租人的債務(wù)。租賃物價值大于出租人債權(quán)的，其超出部分應(yīng)退還承租人；租賃物價值小于出租人債權(quán)的，其未受清償?shù)膫鶛?quán)應(yīng)作為一般債權(quán)參加破產(chǎn)清償程序，或者要求承租人的保證人清償。
Article 17 Where the lessee goes bankrupt, the leasor may take back the leased property, or request the court that accept the bankruptcy case to auction the leased property, and apply the incomes from the auction for repayment of the debts of the lessee due to the leasor. Where the value of the leased property is greater than the credit of the leasor, the amount above the credit shall be returned to the lessee. Where the value of the leased property is less than the credit, the part of the debt that is not repaid, shall enter the liquidation procedure as general credit or shall be paid off by the guarantor of the lessee.
 
　　十八、在承租人破產(chǎn)時，出租人可以作為破產(chǎn)債權(quán)人申報債權(quán)，參加破產(chǎn)程序；出租人的債權(quán)有第三人提供保證的，出租人也可以要求保證人履行保證責(zé)任。
　Article 18 Where the lessee goes bankrupt, the leasor may, as the creditor for the bankruptcy, declares its credit, and participate into the bankruptcy. Where a third party has provided security for the credit of the leasor, the leasor also may request the guarantor to perform his obligations as a guarantor.
 
 
　　十九、出租人在參加承租人破產(chǎn)清償后，其債權(quán)未能全部受償?shù)�，可就不足部分向保證人追償。
Article 19 If the credit of the leasor is not satisfied completely, the leasor may request the guarantor to pay off the shortfalls.
 
　　二十、出租人決定不參加承租人破產(chǎn)程序的，應(yīng)及時通知承租人的保證人，保證人可以就保證債務(wù)的數(shù)額申報債權(quán)參加破產(chǎn)分配。
　Article 20 Where the leasor has decided not to participate in the bankruptcy procedure, he shall inform the guarantor of the lessee in time, and the guarantor may declare his credit equal to the amount of the debt under his guarantee and participate in the distribution of the insolvent properties.
 
　　二十一、融資租賃合同當(dāng)事人請求法院保護(hù)其權(quán)利的訴訟時效應(yīng)適用《中華人民共和國民法通則》第一百三十五條的規(guī)定。
　　Article 21 The limitation of action for the litigants in the contract for financial leasing to request the court to protect the rights thereof shall be governed by the provisions of Article 135 of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China